The prospect of a dramatic U.S.-led intervention into Syria's civil war stemmed from the West's assertion that President Bashar Assad's government was responsible for an alleged chemical attack on civilians.
Anti-government activists accused the regime of carrying out a toxic gas attack that killed at least 100 people, including many children, during intense artillery and rocket barrages on the eastern suburbs of Damascus.
A Damascus opposition monitoring group said 494 people had been killed in a gas attack and shelling by President Bashar al-Assad's forces. The government denies using chemical weapons.